文明起源于华域

 
 
      《文明起源于华域》(以下简称《起源》)正式研究始于2001年，历时18年。原书稿《起源》共6卷：《第1卷 人类与文明起源、演化的天地背景》，《第2卷 农牧文化起源与演化的基础》，《第3卷 通向神权顶峰的科学阶梯》，《第4卷 陶玉铜器的风马牛附机械源流》，《第5卷 华域科学技术大爆发引领文明进程》，《第6卷 古今强国梦》，共四百余万字。因内容过于庞大，经多方意见、对第1、2、4、6卷做了重大压缩、删节，仅保留少数章节，字数仅原来的一半。
      《起源》书稿的创作与一般著作不同，《起源》是几十年前谋定而后动的；《起源》的另一个重要特点是各章下面的节与小节主要是以有创新观点的论文的形式组成的。

 
上   卷
 
 
1 海平面升降与冰期成因以及中国东部～大陆架跷跷板运动                   1
⒈1引言                                                                              3
⒈2地球历史上的三次大冰期                                                            4
⒈⒉1诡异的第四纪冰期                                                                4
⒈⒉2震旦纪、石炭二叠纪、第四纪大冰期                                 7                                                                               
⒈3地球大冰期的形成缘于银河系的较差自转                                             10
⒈⒊1大冰期的成因假说评述                                                           10
⒈⒊2银河年的提出                                                                   14
⒈⒊3地球大冰期的形成缘于银河系的较差自转                                           15
⒈⒊4如何验证银河尘被太阳系吸积                                                     19
⒈4揭开冰川融化引起海平面升降的迷雾                                                 20
⒈⒋1地球降水量的时空分布与第四纪冰盖                                               20
⒈⒋2所谓间冰期的海平面上升，主要是沿海岸段的沉降                                   22
⒈5古气候与古长江冲积扇扇面的形成                                                   27
⒈⒌1盛冰期时种水稻，华西秋雨多于雪                                                 27
⒈⒌2第四纪盛冰期时、青藏高原上的世外桃源                                           30
⒈⒌3地球上主要的固碳过程与撒豆成兵                                                 33
⒈⒌4关于地球上冰期成因与C₂0无关的小节                                             34                   
⒈6海进、海退四公理                                                                 35
⒈⒍1 荷兰的大风车                                                                  35
⒈⒍2海进、海退等时公理和海进、海退等幅公理                                         36
⒈⒍3地壳均衡原理与冰盖堆积消融的隆起沉降公理                                       38
⒈⒍4质疑北美劳伦斯冰盖的厚度                                                       41
⒈⒍5中国科学家研究发现青藏高原碰撞诱发太平洋板块俯冲                               43
⒈7古长江冲积扇                                                                     44
⒈⒎1冲积扇                                                                         44
⒈⒎2中国古长江冲积扇                                                               45
⒈8尼罗河的秘密                                                                     48
⒈⒏1海底亚历山大古城                                                               48
⒈⒏2揭开尼罗河沉降带的秘密                                                         51
⒈⒏3尼罗河泛滥的地理因素----季节性堰塞湖──自然灌溉                               53
⒈9中国古长江上的季节性堰塞湖是形成冲积扇的动力源                                   54
⒈⒐1南京、武穴水口与古长江堰塞湖                                                   54
⒈⒐2古长江冲积扇的形成                                                             57
⒈10中国东部陆地和东海大陆架上的跷跷板                                              60
⒈⒑1中国古长江冲积扇所处海底构造背景                                               60
⒈⒑2缺失的末次冰期和末次间冰期哪里去了？                                           65
⒈⒑3东边日出西边雨，西边海退东边进                                                 67
⒈⒑4跷跷板控制了华北平原的形成和古黄河下游河道的南移                               69
⒈⒑5跷跷板控制了云梦泽的消亡和古长江中下游河道南移                                 77
 
2 石器时代的时空穿越与演化                                      83                           
⒉1引言                                                                             85
⒉2先有石器还是先有人？                                                             86
⒉⒉1完全形成的人                                                                   86
⒉⒉2会制造工具和有创造性思维的动物                                                 86
⒉⒉3非洲的最古老的人属化石不是人的化石                                             88
⒉3旧石器时代起源和演化的两个传统区                                                 90
⒉⒊1手镐手斧的起源一下子提前了140万年                                             90
⒉⒊2细石器百万年超级大穿越                                                         93
⒉⒊3考古学文化遗存传播定律二的魅力                                                 97
⒉⒊4人类的分支进化模式                                                             98
⒉⒊5旧石器传统与旧石器时代起始年代分期法                                          100
⒉4人类起源于联合国？                                                              102
⒉⒋1一石激起千层浪                                                                102
⒉⒋2驳金力的“现代东亚人源于非洲”                                                103
⒉5始于旧石器时代晚期的第一次科技大爆发与文化迁徙                                  104
⒉⒌1使用飞索石球的许家窑人与不能使用投枪的尼安德特人                              104
⒉⒌2灵井遗址细石器                                                                106
⒉⒌3萨拉乌苏组河套人细石器                                                        109
⒉⒌4小孤山遗址细石器                                                              110
⒉⒌5东西伯利亚细石器文化区与中国小孤山遗址的渊源                                  112
⒉⒌6东西伯利亚细石器文化的西传                                                    115
⒉⒌7中国型牙、北美劳伦斯冰盖与古人的迁徙                                          117
⒉⒌⒎1亚洲北部人群与美洲印第安人群的中国型牙                                      117
⒉⒌⒎2北美劳伦斯冰盖与古人的迁徙                                                  117
⒉6黄河流域～新疆与中亚、西亚早期细石器文化的渊源                                  119      
⒉⒍1中国新疆早期细石器文化与黄河流域细石器文化                                    119
⒉⒍2阿富汗细石器文化                                                              121
⒉⒍3塔吉克斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦早期细石器文化                                        122
⒉7农业的出现和传播                                                                123
⒉⒎1仙人洞与吊桶环遗址率先进入新石器时代----破译烧火堆的迷雾                      123
⒉⒎2仙人洞与吊桶环遗址的新石器时代中、晚期文化                                    127
⒉⒎3华域石器时代起始年代、分期、起始文化和科技大爆发简介                          128
⒉⒎4全球农牧业起源于华域第一次科学技术大爆发                                      131                            
⒉⒎5“中石器时代”是错误的称谓                                                    132
⒉8第一次科技大爆发出现在华域的缘由                                                134
⒉⒏1出现农牧文化前后，相关文化的分布面积                                          134
⒉⒏2大冰期使人类精英荟萃江南                                                      134
⒉9农牧陶文化起源理论                                                              137
⒉⒐1对历史学家和考古学家有关农牧陶文化起源理论的商榷                              137
⒉⒐2没有传入驯化概念的后果                                                        139
⒉⒐3墨西哥印第安人培育野生玉米和澳大利亚土著不培育野生黍的启示                    143
⒉⒐4回家的日子真好                                                                146
 
3 通向神权巅峰的科学阶梯                                        153                                    
⒊1引言                                                                            156
⒊⒈1夏代以前金乌文化的六级科学阶梯                                                156
⒊⒈2外域古代天文历法成就                                                          158
⒊⒈⒉1两河流域的原始天文历法                                                      158
⒊⒈⒉2尼罗河流域原始天文历法                                                      169
⒊⒈⒉3印度河流域原始天文历法                                                      169
⒊⒈⒉4爱琴海域原始天文历法                                                        160
⒊2金乌翱翔中华大地                                                                161
⒊⒉1《天文气象杂占》和距今150～120千年的彗星纹饰                                 161
⒊⒉2破译中国延绵万年的彗星纹饰                                                    162
⒊⒉3金乌之家                                                                      166                         
⒊3北天星图、日食预报和夏历                                                        169
⒊⒊1破译距今5000年前的北天星图和19交点年                                        169
⒊⒊2破译半山与马厂文化的夏历                                                      171
⒊4历法天文学诞生在双墩遗址                                                        173
⒊⒋1双墩遗址的19年7置闰                                                         173
⒊⒋2农历的核心——追溯距今六～五千年间的19年7置闰                               175
⒊⒋3农历的核心——追溯距今七千年的19年7置闰                                     177               
⒊⒋4恒隐圈～天球赤道～黄道天文图                                                  181
⒊⒋⒋1上古文明时代的黄道27宿                                                     181
⒊⒋⒋2安徽蚌埠双墩遗址碗底的纹饰密码----交点年与日食--鱼和猪                      182
⒊⒋⒋3双墩遗址的纹饰密码----黄道27宿与恒隐圈～天球赤道～黄道天文图               189
⒊⒋⒋4行星的逆行研究                                                              190
⒊5《周礼》的经纬度测量与大溪文化的天球仪                                          194
⒊⒌1中外有关地球形状和经纬度的初始研究                                            194
⒊⒌2 破译《周礼》测量经纬度                                                       194
⒊⒌3薛家岗、屈家岭、大河村文化刻划了经纬度的陶球                                  196
⒊⒌4大溪文化是刻划经纬度陶球的源头                                                198
⒊⒌5现代天球仪                                                                    200
⒊6陶人发明恒水位漏壶仪和日晷                                                      201
⒊⒍1破碗揭示出双墩遗址的陶滴漏仪（漏壶）和日晷                                    201
⒊⒍2上古～远古文明时代的日晷陶恒水位滴漏计时仪                                    204
⒊⒍3陶恒水位滴漏计时仪的进一步源头探索                                            209
⒊⒍4日晷和漏壶的出现是脑体分工的开始                                              210
⒊7上古～远古文明的天文观测仪器                                                    211
⒊⒎1仰韶、大地湾、兴隆洼、贾湖文化的天文仪器                                      211
⒊⒎2古埃及的天文测量仪器                                                          212
⒊8天文历法溯源                                                                    213
⒊⒏1磁山文化的天文历法                                                            213
⒊⒏2东胡林遗址的天文历法                                                          213
⒊⒏3仙人洞与吊桶环遗址的天文历法                                                  214
⒊9前丝绸之路上的伟大交流                                                          216
⒊⒐1法国拉斯科洞穴岩画“大角鹿”纹饰密码的破译                                    216
⒊⒐2西班牙石刻密码的破译                                                          219
⒊⒐3 新疆哈巴河县多尕特洞穴彩绘岩画群中的历法密码                                 221
⒊10天文历法的出现与文化多样性                                                     223
⒊⒑1天文学是古代政教合一的帝王所掌握的秘密知识                                    223
⒊⒑2生存环境引发的“文化定格”与“文化退化”                                      224
附录  天文学基本概念引述                                                           225
 
4 中国夏代之前的数学成就                                        233       
⒋1引言                                                                            235
⒋⒈1外域古代数学成就                                                              235
⒋⒈2圆周360°惊现于距今九千年的贾湖文化墓葬群                                    237     
⒋2上古中～晚期文明时代华域科学家的几何学成就                                      239
⒋⒉1双墩遗址的直线与多边形                                                        239
⒋⒉2仰韶文化的直线段、平行线、直角、对顶角、同位角、多边形、投影                  240
⒋3圆和椭圆起源的追溯                                                              242
⒋⒊1圆                                                                            242
⒋⒊2圆与多边形                                                                    243
⒋⒊3椭圆和椭圆焦点                                                                244
⒋⒊4远古文明之始的椭圆                                                            246
⒋4远古文明晚期球面和直角坐标系的建立                                              249
⒋⒋1坐标系----球面坐标和直角坐标的建立                                            249
⒋⒋2对数螺线？极坐标？                                                            250
⒋5上古中期文明时代的代数                                                          251
⒋⒌1堆垛、级数？                                                                  251
⒋⒌2上古中期文明时代乘法九九表片段                                                253
⒋⒌3双墩文化的乘法九九表                                                          254
⒋⒌4“满天星斗”时代数学成就小结                                                  256
⒋⒌5双墩遗址科学家的数学成就小结                                                  256                      
⒋6上古早期文明时代的数学                                                          257
⒋⒍1高庙与皂市下层文化的平面几何                                                  257
⒋⒍2大地湾文化漩涡纹的数学                                                        257
⒋7远古文明时代早期机新石器时代的数学                                              261
⒋⒎1平行线、同位角、对顶角、角矩、直尺和位似三角形                                261
⒋⒎2多边形                                                                        263
⒋⒎3鼎与圆                                                                        264
⒋⒎4再叙乘法九九表片段与十进位                                                    266
⒋⒎5远古文明早期至上古早期文明时代华域科学家的数学成就小结                        267                           
⒋⒎⒌1裴李岗文化群和彭头山文化群的数学成就                                        267
⒋⒎⒌2大地湾文化科学家的数学成就                                                  267
⒋⒎6仙玉庙文化仙人洞与吊桶环遗址的数学                                            267
⒋8“数学的起源与早期发展”与十进制                                                268
⒋⒏1十进位起源                                                                    268
⒋⒏2英国度量衡进位制                                                              268
 
 
5 医药起源探索——传承五万六千年的针灸刮痧和一万八千年前的医院                         271     
⒌1引言                                                                           273
⒌⒈1外域古代医药                                                                 273
⒌⒈2中国古代医药                                                                 273
⒌2跨湖桥文化中药罐里煎的是什么药                                                 274
⒌⒉1陶釜里的药渣是什么药？                                                       274
⒌⒉2茶籽与茶叶树                                                                 275                          
⒌⒉3药渣是构树枝                                                                 276
⒌⒉4桑树                                                                         279
⒌⒉5构与桑的现代中医药药理的现代研究引述                                         283                                         
⒌⒉⒌1构树药理研究                                                               283                            
⒌⒉⒌2桑根白皮药理研究                                                           283
⒌⒉⒌3桑葚药理研究                                                               283
⒌⒉⒌4桑叶药理研究                                                               284
⒌⒉⒌5桑枝药理研究                                                               284
⒌3河姆渡文化的苎麻绳与《本草纲目》的苎麻                                         285
⒌4湖南道县玉蟾岩遗址是人类最早的医院                                             286
⒌5五千年前的产科学                                                               288                                    
⒌6古代针灸针具及其与跨湖桥文化针灸针具的比较                                     290
⒌⒍1古代针灸针具与现代针刺麻醉                                                   290
⒌⒍2古代针灸针具与跨湖桥文化针具之比较                                           292
⒌7针灸刮痧器具起源再探                                                           294                                                           
⒌⒎1贵州穿洞遗址的针灸针具                                                       294                      
⒌⒎2河南贾湖遗址的针灸针具                                                       294
⒌8甑皮岩（附猫猫洞）遗址延续五千年的神针火与刮痧器                               297
⒌⒏1甑皮岩第Ⅰ期与鲤鱼嘴第Ⅱ、Ⅲ期骨针具                                         297
⒌⒏2甑皮岩遗址第Ⅱ期骨针具                                                       299
⒌⒏3甑皮岩遗址第Ⅲ期骨针具                                                       301
⒌⒏4甑皮岩遗址第Ⅳ期骨针具                                                       303
⒌⒏5甑皮岩遗址第Ⅴ期及大地湾、后李文化的针具                                     303
⒌⒏6猫猫洞遗址的雷火针                                                           304
⒌9针灸刮痧器探源                                                                 305
⒌⒐1庙岩遗址的神针火、雷火针及针灸具                                             305
⒌⒐2庙岩遗址的刮痧器                                                             308
⒌⒐3玉蟾岩遗址的骨刮痧熨板                                                       309
⒌⒐4仙人洞与吊桶环遗址第Ⅱ层的针、灸、刮痧遗存                                   310
⒌⒐5针灸刮痧起源于山顶洞、小孤山遗址先民                                         311
⒌10中医药与西医药的融合                                                          314
 
6 七千年来《易经》的演化历程                                 317   
⒍1易经探源之蹊径                                                                 319
⒍⒈1易经探源研究的古文献略引                                                     319
⒍⒈2张亚初、刘雨的研究将易经的起源推进到商武丁时期                               320
⒍⒈3象牙梳子上的卦象和陶轮上的阴阳鱼                                             322
⒍⒈4伏羲国起源考                                                                 324
⒍⒈5易经探源之旅                                                                 326
⒍2《周易·繫辞上·第九章》的考古学与文献溯源                                      327
⒍⒉1良渚文化陶杯上的黄道二十七宿和“大衍之数五十”                                327
⒍⒉2“大衍之数五十”与“三百八十四爻”的数学、历法                                330
⒍⒉3《周易》的“四营之数”与《归藏》的“五营之数”                                331
⒍⒉4“凡天地之数五十有五”的由来                                                  333
⒍3夏曰《连山》、商曰《归藏》、周曰《周易》                                        334
⒍⒊1齐家文化的《连山》                                                            334
⒍⒊2二里头文化的《归藏》                                                          335
⒍4宗日、半山～马厂文化的《连山》与五帝时代                                        336
⒍⒋1宗日、半山～马厂文化的《连山》                                                336
⒍⒋2夏与黄河流域的五帝王朝                                                        338
⒍5大汶口、崧泽、马家浜、仰韶、赵宝沟文化的《易经》                                341
⒍⒌1大汶口、赵宝沟文化用《连山》“四营之数”表达的农历和天文历法                  341
⒍⒌2崧泽文化青墩遗址的数字卦                                                      342
⒍⒌3柳林溪文化的《连山》                                                          343
⒍⒌4仰韶、马家浜文化用《归藏》“五营之数”表达的农历和天文历法                    343
⒍⒌5十九年七置闰源于华域                                                          345
⒍6《易经》源头                                                                    347
⒍⒍1十九交点年与周易源头                                                          347
⒍⒍2关于《易经》起源的林林总总                                                    347
⒍7孔子《周易·繫辞》与毛主席《矛盾论》                                            349
⒍⒎1引言                                                                          349
⒍⒎2《矛盾论》章前文与《周易·繫辞上》                                            349
⒍⒎3《矛盾论·一 两种宇宙观》与《周易·繫辞上》                                   350            
⒍⒎4《矛盾论·二 矛盾的普遍性》与《周易·繫辞上》                                 350
⒍⒎5《矛盾论·三 矛盾的特殊性》与《周易·繫辞上》                                 351
⒍⒎6《矛盾论·四 主要的矛盾和主要的矛盾方面》与《周易·繫辞上                     353
⒍⒎7《矛盾论·五 矛盾诸方面的同一性和斗争性》与《周易·繫辞上》                   354
⒍⒎8《矛盾论·六 对抗在矛盾中的地位》与《周易·繫辞上》                           354
⒍⒎9《周易·繫辞下·第二章》与考古学文化遗存的矛盾                                355
⒍⒎10群经之首也仅是相对真理                                                       356
 
7 天子的天人合一与上帝的绝地天通                             359                                 
⒎1通向神权巅峰的第六阶梯                                                          361                                        
⒎⒈1良渚文化对日食和毚兔4彗星的表达                                              361
⒎⒈2反山遗址玉琮神人兽面纹纹饰密码的破译                                          362
⒎⒈3反山遗址玉钺金乌纹纹饰密码的破译                                              364
⒎⒈4反山遗址玉冠状器纹饰密码的破译                                                367
⒎⒈5解密良渚文化的天文观测仪器                                                    368
⒎⒈⒌1瑶山遗址二件测天的玉璜                                                      368
⒎⒈⒌2瑶山、反山遗址世袭天文学家的测天仪器                                        369
⒎⒈⒌3仰韶→大汶口→良渚文化一脉相承的测天仪器----玉三叉形器                      371
⒎⒈6良渚文化陶器纹饰所表达的天文历法                                              373
⒎⒈7神人兽面纹的来龙去脉                                                          373          
⒎⒈8通天的良渚文化王权与两河流域的楔形文                                          375
⒎2巴比伦的通天塔和中国的灵台                                                      377
⒎⒉1巴比伦的通天塔和周天子的灵台                                                  377
⒎⒉2高庙遗址陶罐纹饰----“高耸的梯阙”                                            378
⒎3高庙与皂市下层文化基本特征                                                      341
⒎⒊1高庙与皂市下层文化的相关类型及分布                                            341
⒎⒊2高庙类型基本特征                                                              342
⒎⒊3高庙类型对皂市下层类型及后续文化的影响                                        343
⒎⒊4高庙类型神器的远播                                                            345
⒎⒊5皂市下层文化、汤家岗类型的的神器                                              346
⒎⒊6高庙与皂市下层文化的工业区和农业区                                            350
⒎4八十垱遗址的灵台、城背溪文化的古钱纹和裴李岗文化的彗星轨道                      351
⒎⒋1八十垱遗址的灵台                                                              351
⒎⒋2城背溪文化的古钱纹、毚兔4和赵宝沟文化金乌的椭圆形轨道                        353
⒎⒋3磁山、裴李岗文化的彗星椭圆形轨道                                              355
⒎5蝌蚪文传奇                                                                      357
⒎⒌1金乌飞进圣经                                                                  357
⒎⒌2两河流域的泥板文字和金庸先生的蝌蚪文                                          358
⒎⒌3古波斯文、埃兰文、巴比伦文，都是蝌蚪文，都是毚兔4彗星纹饰                    359
 
8 源于华域的陶工业以及在前一带一路的传播     附陶玉礼器不相容                     365
⒏1陶的演化与传播                                                                  367
⒏⒈1《技术史》对陶器起源的认识                                                    367
⒏⒈2人类最早的陶器                                                                368
⒏⒈3西亚的陶器和农牧业                                                            370
⒏2陶轮的起源                                                                      371
⒏⒉1《技术史》认为陶轮（陶车）源于苏美尔                                          371
⒏⒉2 跨湖桥、贾湖半坡文化的陶轮——陶车                                           372
⒏⒉3彭头山文化的陶轮                                                              374
⒏⒉4从贾湖文化第Ⅰ期1段的陶器推断陶轮                                            376
⒏3大溪文化的陶轮拉坯与龙山文化蛋壳陶                                              377
⒏⒊1巧夺天工的蛋壳陶！快轮何在？                                                  377
⒏⒊2大溪文化的惯性陶轮                                                            378
⒏⒊3高精度惯性陶轮的角动量                                                        381
⒏4陶窑的起源                                                                    384
⒏⒋1西亚最早的卧式陶窑源于贾湖遗址                                                384
⒏⒋2发现磁山文化陶窑                                                              385                        
⒏⒋3立式或竖穴式陶窑                                                              385                                                             
⒏⒋4华域远古文明～上古文明时期陶器的烧成温度                                      386
⒏5陶、釉、盐，风马牛也相及                                                        388
⒏⒌1黑光陶外表特征与硅酸盐全分析                                                  388
⒏⒌2釉陶与跨湖桥文化的黑光陶                                                      389
⒏⒌3外域的盐和釉                                                                  390
⒏⒌4贾湖、裴李岗、跨湖桥文化在制陶工艺上的交流                                    391
⒏6彩陶起源于中国                                                                  392
⒏7长江中游彩陶礼器与玉礼器的文化不相容                                            394
⒏⒎1大溪文化的时空分布                                                            394
⒏⒎2大溪文化玉礼器源流                                                            396
⒏⒎3大溪、屈家岭文化的彩陶礼器                                                    400
 
9 青铜文化源于中华                                                   407   
⒐1外域所谓铜石并用时代的铜器是用自然铜矿物打制或重熔后浇铸                        409                   
⒐⒈1关于外域所谓铜石并用时代的缘由与相关表达                                      409
⒐⒈2铜石并用时代应改称自然铜文化                                                  411
⒐⒈3埃及考古学分期推广时、有关“铜石并用时代”的矛盾                              412
⒐2中亚～西亚的高温还原冶铜技术                                                    415
⒐⒉1阿富汗、伊朗、土库曼斯坦的青铜时代早期                                        415
⒐⒉2两河流域最早的青铜和安纳托利亚高原青铜时代的锡矿采冶                          418
⒐3英雄时代的青铜文化是刀客文化                                                    419
⒐4华域青铜时代中期的青铜种类与铜矿床中的矿物共生关系                              422
⒐5青铜文化源头追溯                                                                425
⒐⒌1马家窑文化的青铜器                                                            425
⒐⒌2仰韶文化群开创青铜文化的必然性                                                426
⒐⒌3全球青铜文化源于仰韶文化                                                      431
⒐6外域最早的苏萨青铜文化源于中国仰韶文化                                         433
⒐7冶炼青铜的工艺背景——高温氧化还原氛围的经验积累                               438
⒐8华域青铜时代早期甚少青铜器之缘由                                               440
⒐⒏1仰韶文化的陶工具                                                             440      
⒐⒏2红山文化出土大量坩埚碎片却没有出土一件铜器                                   444
⒐⒏3考古学文化遗存传播定律七揭示青铜文化源于仰韶文化早期                         444
⒐⒏4推动青铜文化早、中期生产力前进的主要生产工具不是青铜器                       446  
 
10 机械溯源                                                                449                                
⒑1人类第4次科学技术大爆发的几朵制造业奇葩                                       452
⒑⒈1开创性研究的启示                                                             452                 
⒑⒈2计算机起源于殷商                                                             453
⒑⒈3战国秦的武器标准化与自动机床                                                 455
⒑⒈4惊世骇俗的战国仙兵                                                           456
⒑⒈5《周礼》成书年代、铁器普及与制造业标准化                                     460
⒑2尼罗河巴达里·塔萨文化织机源于黄河裴李岗文化群                                 462
⒑⒉1尼罗河流域的新石器时代                                                       462
⒑⒉2塔萨文化织机源于磁山文化                                                     464
⒑⒉3织机源于蔑编                                                                 467
⒑⒉4纺车源于贾湖文化                                                             469
⒑3钻床起源                                                                       471
⒑⒊1穿孔的贝壳和兽牙何用？                                                       471
⒑⒊2管钻——钻孔技术的革命                                                       474
⒑⒊3弓钻与弓钻取火                                                               475                                                          
⒑⒊⒊1关于良渚文化钻孔工艺的讨论                                                 475
⒑⒊⒊2跨湖桥文化的弓钻与弓钻取火                                                 478
⒑⒊⒊3钻木取火源于裴李岗文化群                                                   480
⒑⒊4在钻具上的重大技术革新                                                       482
⒑⒊⒋1石家河、良渚文化的钻木取火                                                 482
⒑⒊⒋2良渚文化可以精确定位的钻床——立钻                                         484
⒑⒊5管钻与“钻管”                                                               486
⒑⒊6竹管钻实验                                                                   492
⒑⒊7外域弓钻简介                                                                 494
⒑4磨床起源于新石器时代之始                                                       495                                                  
⒑⒋1被考古学家忽视的磨痕                                                         495
⒑⒋2磨床砂轮源于贾湖文化吗？                                                     500
⒑5车床起源                                                                       501
⒑⒌1《郕王鸠浅自作用剑》剑首工艺之谜与车床                                       501                      
⒑⒌2外域发现的公元前16世纪的车床加工痕                                          502
⒑⒌3舂秋战国～西周玉器的车床加工痕                                              503
⒑⒌4失之交臂的重大发现——商代用车床加工的玉器                                  504
⒑⒌5陶寺、石家河文化木器、玉器上的车刀加工痕与镗孔痕                            507
⒑⒌6大汶口、良渚文化及凌家滩遗址玉器上的车刀加工痕和陶轮                        509
⒑6微型石器的秘密                                                                512
⒑⒍1微型石器的定义                                                              512
⒑⒍2微型石器的时空分布                                                          512
⒑⒍3微型石刀具的功能                                                            520
⒑7锯与线切割的起源                                                              521
⒑⒎1锯源于镰，镰催生了西亚新石器时代                                            521
⒑⒎2凸缘玉璧（环、瑗）是圆盘锯片阳模                                            523
⒑⒎3中国考古学家对绳锯的认识、模拟实验和线切割探源                              523
⒑⒎4对林华东《良渚文化研究》中圆盘锯研究的质疑                                  525
⒑⒎5良渚文化反山遗址玉璧是超级大纺轮和线切割机惯性轮                            528
⒑⒎⒌1良渚文化诸反山墓葬中玉璧分布特征                                          528
⒑⒎⒌2良渚文化反山墓葬中玉璧形态特征与功能推测                                  529
⒑8充满玄机的銑床                                                                534
⒑⒏1铣床及其加工痕和商代的锯铣刀、圆柱铣刀                                      534
⒑⒏2四川广汉三星堆遗址的铣刀与大溪文化的铣切痕——关公战秦琼                    535
⒑⒏3柳暗花明----揭开皮革的铣切之谜                                              536
⒑⒏4充满玄机的璇玑                                                              541
⒑9鉋——被遗忘的木工工具                                                        543
⒑⒐1被误认为锄的青铜鉋舌                                                        543
⒑⒐2上古文明时代的木工刨                                                        544
⒑⒐3起源于远古晚期文明八十垱、跨湖桥遗址的木工刨                                547
⒑10远洋橹桨帆独木舟与木板船的起源                                               549
⒑⒑1跨湖桥文化的边架独木舟                                                      549
⒑⒑2跨湖桥文化独木舟的帆                                                        550
⒑⒑3跨湖桥文化独木舟的橹                                                        552
⒑⒑4外域最早的帆船                                                              554
⒑⒑5大溪、河姆渡、双墩文化的木板船                                              555
⒑⒑⒌1城头山古城大溪文化的燕尾榫和卯                                            555
⒑⒑⒌2船模的启示                                                                557
⒑⒑⒌3河姆渡遗址的木板、榫卯和油漆                                              557
⒑⒑⒌4跨湖桥遗址的刨板和榫铆                                                    558                                               
⒑11结构件与刚度概念的起源                                                       560
⒑⒒1曾侯乙墓的结构件                                                            560
⒑⒒2刚度概念的起源                                                              561